Chapter 4;

Manipulating time is a very effective way to speed up a story used in film. fore xample if you showed a clip from when a boy was young and thenshowed every little deatail of how he grew up, the film would go on forever and would not be interesting to the audience. another way of manipulating time is foremotional effect on an audience for example 'rocky' was sped up and slowed down to emphasise the quick speed of the unches and the slow reaction of rocky himself.

Chapter 3;

there are many different transitions used in many films for example star wars uses wipes and fades alot to show a new scene starting or a different location. fade transtions are used quite regulary to manipulate time for example showing the time on a clock then using a fade transition to show the clock at a later time would show audiemces that the time has changed to later, it would not confuse them as much as it would if there was no fade.

Chapter One;

When the first fils were made they had no cuts, they just help a shot until the film ran out. The 'Cutting Edge' ( a movie about editing) overall shows how editing was done back in the early 1900's. edward potter was the first director to put two cuts together to make a story. this was called the 'American Fireman', which was a great film as it showed two different locations one being the fireman getting ready and the house on fire,  told the audience what was going on. Without editing it the film would not of made sense.

chapter 2;

the most important idea of continuity editing is that 180 degree rule. this means that the camera should stay on one side of the action. continuity editing makes sure that no audience gets confused with what the scene is portraying. another importaant technique is the eyeline match shot, this helps to make the cuts smoother.


L Cuts are when cut the audio or video without out cutting the other (showing a L shape on the timeline). for example if someone was talking but the camera was looking at the sea this would be an L cut.

Point of view shot; seeing things through a persons mind (for example when films show the camera to be bloody when someone is being hurt would show he is injured.).

Shot reverse Shot; when it is swapping from one person to the other, for example if a person is having an argument with another it will swap to each other.

Montage; When a lot of clips are put together that meana dn sense the same thing, for example having a airoplane and a airport people would know that tihs is about going to another country or place.